MCQ Test body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 20px; } .question { margin-bottom: 20px; } .tick { color: green; /* Green color for tick mark */ font-weight: bold; } .question-title { font-weight: bold; /* Bold the questions */ }
1201. The colonies of Mycoplasmas in agar plate can be observed by means of a __________________.
A. Low-power microscope
B. High-power microscope
C. Phase contrast microscopy ✅
D. Dark-field microscopy
1202. What type of colonies are formed by Mycoplasmas on agar plate?
A. Colorless
B. Colored
C. Lawn formation
D. Fried-egg ✅
1203. Among the following which is positive for coagulase test?
A. Staphylococcus aureus ✅
B. Staphylococcus epidermidis
C. Staphylococcus saprophyticus
D. E. coli
1204. S. pneumoniae produces which of the following type of colonies?
A. Alpha-haemolytic ✅
B. Beta-haemolytic
C. Non-haemolytic
D. Alpha-, beta-haemolytic
1205. Which of the following genus of organisms causes meningitis in adults?
A. Erysipelothrix
B. Listeria ✅
C. Mycoplasma
D. Treponema
1206. C. perfringens is the major causative agent of ___.
A. Botulism
B. Tetanus
C. Gas gangrene ✅
D. Anthrax
1207. Cryptococcosis is a disease of ________________.
A. Bacterial infection
B. Parasitic infection
C. Viral infection
D. Mycotic infection ✅
1208. Coenocytic hyphae have ________________.
A. Septate with uninucleate cells
B. Septate with multinucleate cells
C. Non-septate ✅
D. Non-septate with uninucleate cells
1209. What do the term dimorphic mean?
A. Bisexual
B. Unisexual
C. Exists in two forms ✅
D. Exists in single form
1210. Which among the following are asexual spores?
A. Blastospores ✅
B. Ascospores
C. Basidiospores
D. Zygospores
1211. Classical typhus fever caused by Rickettsia is transmitted by which of the following arthropod?
A. Ticks
B. Mites
C. Fleas
D. Lice ✅
1212. Spores formed by sexual reproduction on a club-shaped structure are _______________.
A. Ascospores
B. Zygospores
C. Basidiospores ✅
D. Oospores
1213. The mycoplasmas require which of the following substance for growth?
A. Nitrogen
B. Carbon
C. Cholesterol ✅
D. Glucose
1214. What is the other name of glycolysis?
A. PPP cycle
B. TCA cycle
C. C4 cycle
D. EMP pathway ✅
1215. Stickland reaction is the alternative name for ___.
A. Lactic acid fermentation
B. Alcoholic fermentation
C. Mixed acid fermentation
D. Amino acid fermentation ✅
1216. Pathogenic fungi love to grow at ______________.
A. 30 to 37 degree celsius
B. 22 to 30 degree celsius ✅
C. 37 to 42 degree celsius
D. 42 to 50 degree celsius
1217. Which of the following is non-sense codons?
A. AUG
B. GUG
C. UAA ✅
D. UCU
1218. Sabouraud media has _________________.
A. High pH, low sugar concentration
B. High pH, moderate sugar concentration
C. Low pH, high sugar concentration ✅
D. Low pH, moderate sugar concentration
1219. Which of the following are the oxygen requirements of molds?
A. Strictly aerobic ✅
B. Facultatively aerobic
C. Anaerobic
D. Microaerophilic
1220. Mycoplasmas can be cultivated in vitro on nonliving media as _____________.
A. Facultative aerobes
B. Obligate aerobes
C. Facultative anaerobes
D. Microaerophiles ✅
1221. Fungi are sensitive to which of the following antibiotics?
A. Penicillins
B. Tetracyclins
C. Chloramphenicol
D. Griseofulvin ✅
1222. When the gametes are morphologically alike, they are called ______________.
A. Isogametes ✅
B. Anisogametes
C. Macrogametes
D. Microgametes
1223. The famous Japanese dish sushi is made with the help of the red algae named ____________.
A. Nemalion
B. Porphyra ✅
C. Chondrus
D. Eucheuma
1224. Protozoa that eat other organisms are known as ________________.
A. Saprophytic
B. Holozoic ✅
C. Parasitic
D. Mutualistic
1225. The process in which protozoa attaches themselves to a host’s body is known as ____________.
A. Endocommensalism
B. Ectocommensalism
C. Parasitic ✅
D. Mutualism
1226. Rhizopus produces clusters of root-like holdfasts called _____________.
A. Stolons
B. Hyphae
C. Runners
D. Rhizoids ✅
1227. Aspergillus niger is used in the production of ___.
A. Cheese
B. Citric acid
C. Gluconic acid
D. Citric acid and gluconic acid ✅
1228. What do you mean by hypertrophy?
A. Repeated cell division
B. Infection by zoospore
C. Increase in cell volume ✅
D. Decrease in cell volume
1229. _____ is/are filamentous phage of E. coli?
A. f1
B. T3
C. f1 and fd ✅
D. T3 and T7
1230. The optimum pH for the growth of fungi is ______.
A. 7.8-9.0
B. 12-14
C. 3.8-5.6 ✅
D. 1.0-2.0
1231. Agar is obtained from the algal species of _____.
A. Chondrus
B. Gigartina
C. Gelidium ✅
D. Laminaria
1232. What is the shape of helical phages?
A. Regular solids
B. Polyhedra
C. Rod-shaped ✅
D. Icosahedral
1233. African sleeping sickness is caused by ________.
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Protozoa ✅
D. Viruses
1234. Which of following is not a function of protozoa?
A. Acts as a link in food chain
B. Used in manufacture of food products
C. Decomposition process
D. To study cell cycles ✅
1235. Which of the following type of fission takes place in flagellates?
A. Longitudinal
B. Right angle to the cell axis
C. Transverse ✅
D. Cytoplasm protrudes from the aperture
1236. Plasmodium divides by which of the following method most commonly?
A. Binary fission
B. Multiple fission ✅
C. Budding
D. Regeneration
1237. Long, slender bodies with oval nucleus & capable of producing new infection are known as _____.
A. Ookinetes
B. Sporozoites ✅
C. Anisogametes
D. Spermatozoa
1238. African sleeping sickness is transmitted by which of the following agents?
A. Biting insects
B. Lice
C. Tsetse fly ✅
D. Bloodsucking insects
1239. The nucleic acid core of phages is covered by a protein coat known as _______________.
A. Capsomere
B. Capsid ✅
C. Outer envelope
D. Nuclear membrane
1240. Which of the following is the first step in replication by bacterial phages?
A. Adsorption ✅
B. Penetration
C. Transcription
D. Assembly and release
1241. In the growth curve of plaque-forming units, the time from infection until lysis is known as _____.
A. Eclipse period
B. Rise period
C. Burst period ✅
D. Latent period
1242. What is the color of the plaque formed?
A. Yellow
B. Opaque
C. Clear ✅
D. Blue
1243. Which of the following is the actual opening in ciliates through which food is ingested?
A. Cytosome
B. Oral groove
C. Peristome
D. Cytopharynx ✅
1244. What does a viral DNA become after being associated with the bacterial chromosome?
A. Gene
B. Prophage ✅
C. Plasmid
D. Plaque
1245. In which of the following method, the viral particles are transmitted through lysis of cell?
A. Lytic cycle ✅
B. Lysogeny
C. Replication
D. Translation
1246. Which of the following phage DOES NOT cause lysogeny?
A. T2 ✅
B. T1
C. lambda
D. P1
1247. Vaccination was invented by ____________.
A. Jenner
B. Pasteur ✅
C. Watson
D. Fleming
1248. Effective poliomyelitis vaccines were developed by culturing the virus of poliomyelitis on the kidney cells of which animal?
A. Cow
B. Monkey ✅
C. Giraffe
D. Pig
1249. Translation of mRNA into proteins takes place in the ________________.
A. Host cell nucleus
B. Host cell cytoplasm ✅
C. Viral nucleus
D. Viral cytoplasm
1250. The envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid of some animal viruses is made up of which of the following structures?
A. Lipoproteins ✅
B. Lipopolysaccharides
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Chitin
1251. Adenoviruses exhibit which of the following symmetry?
A. Helical symmetry
B. Circular symmetry
C. Icosahedral symmetry ✅
D. Complex structure symmetry
1252. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in replication by bacterial phage?
A. Adsorption, pinning, DNA injection, sheath contraction
B. Adsorption, pinning, sheath contraction, DNA injection ✅
C. Adsorption, absorption, sheath contraction, pinning
D. Absorption, adsorption, DNA injection
1253. Enterovirus belongs to which of the following family of viruses?
A. Reteroviridae
B. Picornaviridae ✅
C. Reoviridae
D. Closterovirus
1254. Which of the following viruses possess an envelope?
A. Herpesvirus ✅
B. Reovirus
C. Tobacco mosaic virus
D. Papillomavirus
1255. Which among the following is the family of RNA containing viruses that can cause cancer in animals?
A. Herpesviridae
B. Adenoviridae
C. Papovaviridae
D. Retroviridae ✅
1256. Which of the following viruses have a complex symmetry?
A. Alphavirus
B. Mobillivirus
C. Orthopoxvirus ✅
D. Parvovirus
1257. From which of the following animal was the material isolated which was used for the vaccination for the first time?
A. Cat
B. Cow ✅
C. Pig
D. Goat
1258. For the cultivation of viruses, the fertile chicken eggs should be incubated for how many day(s)?
A. 1
B. 2-4 ✅
C. 5-12
D. 2-7
1259. Which of the following method is used for the production of vaccines against yellow fever?
A. Tissue-culture method
B. Chick-embryo method ✅
C. Through susceptible animals
D. Through appropriate media
1260. Which of the following inclusion bodies are present in the cytoplasm of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum in case of rabies infection?
A. Paschen bodies
B. Guarnieri bodies
C. Negri bodies ✅
D. Elementary bodies
1261. Bollinger bodies are found in the cytoplasm of cells infected by which of the following viruses?
A. Variola virus ✅
B. Fowl pox virus
C. Rabies virus
D. Herpes virus
1262. ___________ carry minus-strand RNA?
A. Rhabdoviruses ✅
B. Picornaviruses
C. Retroviruses
D. Poxviruses
1263. Scrapie is a chronic disease of which of the following animals?
A. Sheep ✅
B. Mouse
C. Horse
D. Cow
1264. Which of the following are resistant to desiccation?
A. Gonococci
B. Streptococci
C. Meningococci
D. Bacillus ✅
1265. EBV can induce tumors in _____________.
A. Mouse
B. Monkey
C. Humans ✅
D. Rodents
1266. Which of the following inhibits DNA replication?
A. Cathode rays
B. UV light ✅
C. X-rays
D. Gamma rays
1267. Which of the following show the maximum resistance to physical and chemical agents?
A. Viruses
B. Mold spores
C. Bacterial spores ✅
D. E. coli
1268. Which of the following radiations have the energy to knock electrons away from molecules and ionize them?
A. Non-ionizing radiations
B. Acoustic radiations
C. Subatomic particles
D. Ionizing radiations ✅
1269. Which of the following actions are not affected by antimicrobial agents?
A. Cell wall synthesis
B. Nucleic acid synthesis
C. Protein synthesis
D. Capsule formation ✅
1270. Among the following which one is the most effective method of killing microorganisms?
A. High temperature
B. Low temperature
C. High temperature, high moisture ✅
D. Low temperature, high moisture
1271. Liquid water-soluble substances appropriately diluted are dispensed into sterile test tubes, to which are added a measured amount of the test organism and then this is transferred into tubes of sterile media. This method helps in determining ______.
A. Whether the inhibitory action is bactericidal
B. Whether the inhibitory action is bacteriostatic ✅
C. Decrease in the amount of growth
D. Complete absence of growth
1272. How much time is required by spores of C. botulinum to be killed by moist heat at 120oC?
A. 2 hours
B. 4 to 20 minutes ✅
C. 24 hours
D. 6-7 hours
1273. Which of the following conditions are required for determination of thermal death time?
A. Temperature is varied
B. Time is fixed
C. Temperature is fixed and time is varied ✅
D. Temperature is fixed and time is not selected
1274. Which of the following apparatus is used to provide steam under regulated pressure?
A. Autoclave ✅
B. Laminar air flow
C. Incubator
D. Hot oven
1275. The general pressure at which the autoclave is operated is ___________.
A. 5 Psi
B. 20 Psi
C. 15 Psi ✅
D. 40 Psi
1276. Which of the following methods is used for killing microorganisms of only certain types and not all microorganisms?
A. Pasteurization ✅
B. Incineration
C. Boiling water
D. Fractional Sterilization
1277. A chemical agent that kills the microorganisms and is commonly applied to substances used on inanimate objects is _______________.
A. Antiseptic
B. Sanitizer
C. Disinfectant ✅
D. Antibiotic
1278. Which of the following instruments is used to perform tyndallization?
A. Autoclave
B. Steam Arnold ✅
C. Hot air oven
D. Incubator
1279. Cancer of the lip of mouth have been associated with ___________.
A. HSV1 ✅
B. HSV2
C. EBV
D. HIV-2
1280. Which of the following actions occur due to low temperature?
A. Coagulation of proteins
B. Death of microorganisms
C. Rate of metabolism is reduced ✅
D. Denatures proteins
1281. Chlorinated lime is the alternative name for ___.
A. Calcium hypochlorite ✅
B. Sodium hypochlorite
C. Chloramine-T
D. Azochloramide
1282. Nystatin is produced from the strain _______.
A. Streptomyces noursei ✅
B. Streptomyces aureofaciens
C. Streptomyces kanamyceticus
D. Streptomyces fradiae
1283. Tyrocidines are more effective against _______.
A. Gram-positive organisms ✅
B. Gram-negative organisms
C. Mycoplasmas
D. Spirochetes
1284. Which of the following is the characteristics of a sanitizer?
A. Destroys all microbial forms
B. Prevents the growth or action of microorganisms
C. Reduces the microbial population to safe levels ✅
D. Kills all the bacteria and the bacterial spores
1285. _________ prevents the growth of bacteria.
A. Bactericide
B. Bacteriostatic ✅
C. Antimicrobial
D. Antibiotic
1286. Which of the following is not a chemical agent for microbial control?
A. Radiations ✅
B. Antibiotics
C. Antiseptics
D. Germicide
1287. The process of killing all microorganisms along with their spores is ____________________
A. Disinfection
B. Antisepsis
C. Sanitization
D. Sterilization ✅
1288. Which of the following are generally applied on living animal tissues?
A. Antiseptics ✅
B. Disinfectants
C. Preservatives
D. Sanitizer
1289. How much percentage of aqueous solution of phenol rapidly kills vegetative cells of pathogens?
A. 1%
B. 2%
C. 5% ✅
D. 10%
1290. Which of the following interferes with regeneration of the monophosphate form of bactoprenol from the pyrophosphate form?
A. Vancomycin
B. Ampicillin
C. Bacitracin ✅
D. Cephalosporins
1291. Which of the following methods is used for determining the decrease in the amount of growth?
A. Test done on agar medium plate
B. Test done into an agar medium or broth
C. Test done by transferring water-soluble substances to sterile media ✅
D. By phenol-coefficient method
1292. Which among the following is an example of organic compound of mercury?
A. Mercuric chloride
B. Mercuric oxide
C. Mercurochrome ✅
D. Ammoniated mercury
1293. Bacterial cells grown in a medium exposed to high osmotic pressure, changes shape from rod-shaped to ___________ shaped.
A. Spherical ✅
B. Rod shaped
C. Irregular
D. Elongated
1294. The degradation of complex molecules in soil by fungi for utilization by bacteria is an example of which type of association?
A. Neutralism
B. Mutualism ✅
C. Commensalism
D. Antagonism
1295. Which of the following agents cause death to the cell by coagulation of cytoplasmic proteins?
A. Alcohol
B. Dyes
C. Chlorine
D. Heavy metals ✅
1296. Which of the following agents are used as a preservative in ophthalmic solutions?
A. Alcohol
B. Quaternary ammonium salts ✅
C. Phenol
D. Aldehydes
1297. Which of the following acts as a test organism in the procedure of phenol-coefficient method?
A. Escherichia coli
B. Streptococcus faecalis
C. Staphylococcus aureus ✅
D. Lactobacillus
1298. Alcohol concentrations above 60% are effective against _________________.
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Germs
D. Viruses ✅
1299. Which of the following is the mode of action of formaldehyde?
A. Interference with glycolysis
B. Shows oxidizing property
C. Combines with vital nitrogen compounds ✅
D. Changes the permeability of cell membrane
1300. For sterilization of plastic syringes in hospitals which of the following agents are used?
A. Ethylene oxide ✅
B. Dyes
C. Radiations
D. Heavy metals
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