Quiz Answers
- Infectious mononucleosis is a disease caused by a
- a. Virus ✅
- b. Bacterium
- c. Fungus
- d. Spirochete
- Heterophile antibody of infectious mononucleosis is absorbed by:
- a. Guinea pig kidney
- b. Beef erythrocyte ✅
- c. Both
- d. Neither
- Which one of the following disorders is associated with autoantibodies to phospholipid?
- a. Rheumatoid Arthritis
- b. Graves Disease
- c. Hashimoto’s Disease
- d. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ✅
- Which of the following forms of exposure places a technologist at the highest risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
- a. Aerosol
- b. Ingestion
- c. Needlestick ✅
- d. Splash
- The most prevalent job-related disease hazard in clinical laboratories is:
- a. Tuberculosis
- b. Hepatitis ✅
- c. AIDS
- d. Meningitis
- How many kinds of DNA viruses exist in nature?
- a. Two kinds ✅
- b. Four kinds
- c. Five kinds
- d. Six kinds
- Which of these is more complex than viruses?
- a. Euglena ✅
- b. Satellites
- c. Viroids
- d. Prions
- Which of these is not a viral disease?
- a. Influenza
- b. Tuberculosis ✅
- c. Polio
- d. Hepatitis
- What kind of virus contributes to the development of cancer?
- a. Adenovirus
- b. Oncovirus ✅
- c. Papillomavirus
- d. Spongiovirus
- What is the degree to which a virus causes diseases called in medical laboratory technology?
- a. Viral pathogenesis
- b. Viral evolution
- c. Virulence
- d. Viral strength ✅
- What type of immunity is mounted against viruses?
- a. Cell-mediated immunity ✅
- b. Innate immunity
- c. Second line immunity
- d. General immunity
- Which of these is regulated through medical laboratory technology?
- a. PH buffer
- b. Temperature
- c. Steatosis ✅
- d. Osmotic pressure
- What kind of virus is associated with cervical cancer?
- a. HIV
- b. Human papillomavirus ✅
- c. Influenza A Virus
- d. Polio virus
- What kind of viruses infect bacteria?
- a. Adenovirus
- b. Bacteriophages ✅
- c. Interferon
- d. Eukaryotes
- What part of the body is attacked by the Hepatitis B virus?
- a. Bone marrow
- b. Lungs
- c. Liver ✅
- d. Brain
- The renal medulla is composed of tissue called _________.
- a. Renal pyramids ✅
- b. Nephrons
- c. Macula densa
- d. Renal pelvis
- Which is found in the highest concentration in the urine?
- a. Uric acid
- b. Urea ✅
- c. Glucose
- d. Creatinine
- Juxtaglomerular cells combine with ________ cells to form the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidney.
- a. Macula densa ✅
- b. Renal pelvis
- c. Nephron
- d. Bowman’s capsule
- Which of the following match the definition of “poor output of urine”?
- a. Oliguria ✅
- b. Pyuria
- c. Albuminuria
- d. Diuresis
- Capillary loops located in the medulla of the kidneys are also known as ___________.
- a. Vasa recta ✅
- b. Urea collectors
- c. Capillary tuft
- d. Trigone
- A function of the descending loop of Henle is the___________.
- a. Re-absorption of sodium ions
- b. Re-absorption of water by osmosis ✅
- c. Secretion of hydrogen ions
- d. Secretion of potassium ions
- When glucose is found in the urine it is called _______.
- a. Glucosuria ✅
- b. Uremia
- c. Glucose intolerance
- d. Ureteritis
- ADH has which of the following effects on the distal convoluted tubule?
- a. Decrease water re-absorption
- b. Increase water re-absorption ✅
- c. Decrease urine concentration
- d. Increase urine volume
- Each kidney contains approximately _______ nephrons.
- a. 10 million
- b. 1 million ✅
- c. 100,000
- d. 10,000
- Which is not a function of the kidney?
- a. Conjugation of bile ✅
- b. Excretion of water
- c. Conservation of water
- d. Excretion of wastes
- The function(s) of the kidney in regard to the blood is ______.
- a. To maintain fluid volume
- b. To maintain solute concentration
- c. To eliminate waste
- d. All of the above ✅
- The basic functional unit of the kidney is the _____.
- a. Nephron ✅
- b. Collecting tubule
- c. Loop of Henle
- d. Meatus
- During tubular re-absorption, the movement of a solute attached to a carrier protein _________.
- a. Is called passive transport
- b. Requires little or no energy
- c. Is called active transport ✅
- d. Only occurs in the glomerulus
- Bowman’s capsule and both convoluted tubules are located in the _____.
- a. Cortex ✅
- b. Renal calyx
- c. Medulla
- d. Renal pelvis
- The Loop of Henle and the collecting tubules are located in the ______.
- a. Cortex
- b. Medulla ✅
- c. Renal pelvis
- d. Renal calyx
- The structures which transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder are _____.
- a. Ureters ✅
- b. Renal veins
- c. Urethras
- d. Renal calyx
- Blood enters the glomerulus through the _____.
- a. Afferent arteriole ✅
- b. Aorta
- c. Efferent arteriole
- d. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- The glomerular filtrate rate is _____.
- a. 125 ml/min ✅
- b. 1250 ml/min
- c. 1,000,000 ml/min
- d. 12 ml/min
- Reabsorption is the ______.
- a. Elimination of wastes through the meatus
- b. Taking back of needed substances from the tubules into the body ✅
- c. Elimination of wastes from capillaries into the lumen
- d. Elimination of large molecular weight proteins through the efferent arterioles
- The plasma concentration of a substance at which active transport stops and increased amounts are excreted in the urine is called the_______
- a. Renal threshold ✅
- b. Maximal reabsorptive capacity
- c. Renal concentration
- d. Osmotic gradient
- The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of 1.010
- a. True ✅
- b. False
- The hormone aldosterone is responsible for sodium retention.
- a. True ✅
- b. False
- The normal serum osmolarity is 50 – 100 mOsm.
- a. True
- b. False ✅
- Disposable containers with a capacity of 25 ml or less are recommended for the collection of specimens for routine urinalysis.
- a. True
- b. False ✅
- A properly labeled urine specimen for routine urinalysis delivered to the lab in a gray top blood collection tube can be tested.
- a. True
- b. False ✅
- If an arterial blood sample had a bicarbonate of 25 mmol/L and a pCO2 of 58 mmHg, which of the following conditions most likely exists in this patient?
- a. Metabolic acidosis
- b. Metabolic alkalosis
- c. Respiratory acidosis ✅
- d. Respiratory alkalosis
- e. There is no way of telling
- The selective membrane of the potassium ISE is most commonly composed of:
- a. Potassium selective membrane
- b. Silver chloride
- c. Valincomycin ✅
- A patient being evaluated for diabetes mellitus is given a two-hour OGTT. The patient is diagnosed as having severe diabetes if the serum glucose:
- a. Elevates after 60 minutes and then returns to normal
- b. Elevates 60-120 minutes after ingestion and remains elevated ✅
- c. Does not elevate after 120 minutes
- Hypersplenism is characterized by:
- a. Polycythemia
- b. Pancytosis
- c. Leukopenia ✅
- d. Myelodysplasia
- Which of the following organs is responsible for the “pitting process” for RBC’s?
- a. Liver
- b. Spleen ✅
- c. Kidney
- d. Lymph nodes
- Spherocytes differ from normal red cells in all of the following except:
- a. Decreased surface to volume
- b. No central pallor
- c. Decreased resistance to hypotonic saline
- d. Increase deformability ✅
- Which of the following is not associated with hereditary spherocytosis?
- a. Increased osmotic fragility
- b. An MCHC greater than 36%
- c. Intravascular hemolysis ✅
- d. Extravascular hemolysis
- Which of the following disorders has an increase in osmotic fragility?
- a. Iron deficiency anemia
- b. Hereditary elliptocytosis
- c. Hereditary stomatocytosis
- d. Hereditary spherocytosis ✅
- The anemia seen in sickle cell disease is usually:
- a. Microcytic, normochromic
- b. Microcytic, hypochromic
- c. Normocytic, normochromic ✅
- d. Normocytic, hypochromic
- Which is the major Hgb found in the RBC’s of patients with sickle cell trait?
- a. Hgb S
- b. Hgb F
- c. Hgb A2
- d. Hgb A ✅
