Quiz Answers
- In a specimen collected for plasma glucose analysis, sodium fluoride?
- a. Serves as a coenzyme of hexokinase
- b. Prevents reactivity of non-glucose reducing substances
- c. Precipitates proteins
- d. Inhibits glycolysis ✅
- The serum that contributes to most serum osmolality is?
- a. Glucose
- b. Sodium ✅
- c. Chloride
- d. Urea
- Which family of steroid hormones is characterized by an unsaturated A ring?
- a. Progestins
- b. Estrogens ✅
- c. Androgens
- d. Glucocorticoids
- Which of the following serum protein fractions is most likely to be elevated in patients with nephrotic syndrome?
- a. Alpha-1 globulin
- b. Alpha1- globulin and alpha-2 globulin
- c. Alpha-2 globulin and beta globulin ✅
- d. Beta globulin and gamma globulin
- The following lab results were obtained from arterial blood: sodium 136 mEq/L pH 7.32 Potassium 4.4 mEq/L PCO2 79 mm Hg Chloride 92 mEq/L Bicarbonate 40 mEq/L these results are compatible with?
- a. Respiratory alkalosis
- b. Respiratory acidosis ✅
- c. Metabolic alkalosis
- d. Metabolic acidosis
- Which of the following statements about fluorometry are true?
- a. A compound is said to fluoresce when it absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a second wavelength ✅
- b. Detectors in fluorometers are placed 180 degrees from the excitation source
- c. It is less sensitive than spectrophotometry
- d. It avoids the necessity for complexing of components because fluorescence is a native property
- Two standard deviations is the acceptable limit of error in the chemistry laboratory. If you run the normal control 100 times, how many of the values would be out of control due to random error?
- a. 1
- b. 5 ✅
- c. 10
- d. 20
- Serum anion gap is increased in patients with?
- a. Renal tubular acidosis
- b. Diabetic alkalosis
- c. Metabolic acidosis due to diarrhea
- d. Lactic acidosis ✅
- The nanometer is used as a measure of?
- a. Absorbance
- b. % transmittance
- c. Intensity of radiant energy
- d. Wavelength of radiant energy ✅
- A common cause of respiratory alkalosis is?
- a. Vomiting
- b. Starvation
- c. Asthma
- d. Hyperventilation ✅
- Major actions of angiotensin II include?
- a. Increased pituitary secretion of rennin
- b. Increased vasoconstriction ✅
- c. Increased parathyroid hormone secretion by the parathyroid
- d. Decreased adrenal secretion of aldosterone
- The anion gap is useful for QC of laboratory results for?
- a. Amino acids and proteins
- b. Blood gas analyses
- c. Sodium, potassium, chloride, and total CO2 ✅
- d. Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium
- Which of the following electrolytes is the chief plasma cation whose main function is maintaining osmotic pressure?
- a. Chloride
- b. Calcium
- c. Potassium
- d. Sodium ✅
- What is the molarity of a solution that contains 18.7 g of KCI (MW=74.5) in 500 ml of water?
- a. 0.1
- b. 0.5 ✅
- c. 1.0
- d. 5.0
- The buffering capacity of blood is maintained by a reversible exchange process between bicarbonate and?
- a. Sodium
- b. Potassium
- c. Calcium
- d. Chloride ✅
- The different water content of erythrocytes and plasma makes true glucose concentrations in whole blood a function of the?
- a. Hematocrit ✅
- b. Leukocyte count
- c. Erythrocyte count
- d. Erythrocyte indices
- Acidosis and alkalosis are best defined as fluctuations in blood pH and CO2 content due to changes in?
- a. Bohr’s effect
- b. O2 content
- c. Bicarbonate buffer ✅
- d. Carbonic anhydrase
- Metabolic acidosis is described as a(n)?
- a. Increase in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
- b. Decrease in CO2 content with an increased pH
- c. Increase in CO2 with and increased pH
- d. Decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH ✅
- The normal range for the pH of arterial blood measured at 37 degrees Celsius is?
- a. 7.28-7.34
- b. 7.33-7.37
- c. 7.35-7.45 ✅
- d. 7.45-7.50
- Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in blood is usually determined by means of which of the following electrodes?
- a. Silver
- b. Glass ✅
- c. Platinum
- d. Platinum-lactate
- The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called?
- a. Glycogenesis
- b. Glycogenolysis
- c. Gluconeogenesis
- d. Glycolysis ✅
- A reciprocal relationship exists between?
- a. Sodium and potassium
- b. Calcium and phosphorus ✅
- c. Chloride and CO2
- d. Calcium and magnesium
- Respiratory acidosis is described as a(n)?
- a. Increase in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH ✅
- b. Decrease in CO2 content with an increased pH
- c. Increase in CO2 content with an increased pH
- d. Decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
- Which of the following hemoglobins has glucose-6-phosphate on the amino-terminal valine of the beta chain?
- a. S
- b. C
- c. A2
- d. A1C ✅
- The function of the major lipid components of the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) is to transport?
- a. Cholesterol from peripheral cells to the liver
- b. Cholesterol and Phospholipids to peripheral cells
- c. Exogenous triglycerides
- d. Endogenous triglycerides ✅
- A hospitalized patient is experiencing increased neuromuscular irritability (tetany). Which of the following tests should be ordered immediately?
- a. Calcium ✅
- b. Phosphorus
- c. BUN
- d. Glucose
- Sixty to seventy-five percent of the plasma cholesterol is transported by?
- a. Chylomicrons
- b. VLDL
- c. LDL ✅
- d. HDL
- Measurement of total T4 by competitive protein binding or displacement is based on the specific binding properties of?
- a. Thyroxine-binding prealbumin
- b. Albumin
- c. Thyroxine-binding globulin ✅
- d. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
- Which of the following methods employs a highly specific antibody to thyroxine?
- a. Total T4 by competitive protein binding
- b. T4 by RIA ✅
- c. T4 by column
- d. T4 by equilibrium dialysis
- The extent to which measurements agree with the true value of the quantity being measured is known as?
- a. Reliability
- b. Accuracy ✅
- c. Reproducibility
- d. Precision
- When myocardial infarction occurs, the first enzyme to become elevated is?
- a. CK ✅
- b. LD
- c. AST
- d. ALT
- In the Jaffe reaction, creatinine reacts with?
- a. Alkaline sulfasalazine solution to produce an orange-yellow complex
- b. Potassium iodide to form a reddish-purple complex
- c. Sodium nitroferricyanide to yield a reddish-brown color
- d. Alkaline picrate solution to yield an orange-red complex ✅
- Which of the following represents the end product of purine metabolism in humans?
- a. AMP and GMP
- b. DNA and RNA
- c. Allantoin
- d. Uric acid ✅
- The biological most active, naturally occurring androgen is?
- a. Androstenedione
- b. Dehydroepiandrosterone
- c. Epiandrosterone
- d. Testosterone ✅
- Bile acid concentrations are useful to assess?
- a. Diabetes mellitus
- b. Hepatobiliary disease ✅
- c. Intestinal Malabsorption
- d. Kidney function
- Which of the following is secreted by the placenta and used for the early detection of pregnancy?
- a. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- b. Human Chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) ✅
- c. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
- d. Progesterone
- Decreased serum iron associated with increased TIBC is compatible with which of the following disease states?
- a. Anemia of chronic infection
- b. Iron deficiency anemia ✅
- c. Chronic liver disease
- d. Nephrosis
- The principle excretory form of nitrogen is?
- a. Amino acids
- b. Creatinine
- c. Urea ✅
- d. Uric acid
- The parent substance in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens is:
- a. Cortisol
- b. Catecholamines
- c. Progesterone
- d. Cholesterol ✅
- In the Malloy and Evelyn method for the determination of bilirubin, the reagent that is reacted with bilirubin to form a purple azobilirubin is:
- a. Dilute sulfuric acid
- b. Diazonium sulfate
- c. Sulfobromophthalein
- d. Diazotized sulfanilic acid ✅
- Maple syrup urine disease is characterized by an increase in which of the following urinary amino acids?
- a. Phenylalanine
- b. Tyrosine
- c. Valine, leucine, and isoleucine ✅
- d. Cystine and cysteine
- Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the conversion of starch to glucose and maltose?
- a. Malate dehydrogenase (MD)
- b. Amylase (AMS) ✅
- c. Creatine kinase (CK)
- d. Isocitric dehydrogenase (ICD)
- The greatest activities of serum AST and ALT are seen in?
- a. Acute hepatitis ✅
- b. Primary Biliary cirrhosis
- c. Metastatic hepatic carcinoma
- d. Alcoholic cirrhosis
- Bioavailability of a drug refers to the?
- a. Availability for therapeutic administration
- b. Availability of the protein-bound fraction of the drug
- c. Drug transformation
- d. The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation ✅
- The cyclic antidepressants are classified as?
- a. Basic drugs ✅
- b. Neutral drugs
- c. Acidic Drugs
- d. Structurally cycloparaffinic
- The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is?
- a. High performance liquid chromatography
- b. Gas liquid chromatography
- c. Thin layer chromatography ✅
- d. UV spectrophotometry
- Phenobarbital is a metabolite of?
- a. Primidone ✅
- b. Phenytoin
- c. Amobarbital
- d. Secobarbital
- Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?
- a. Nephrotic syndrome
- b. Acute hepatitis
- c. Chronic inflammation
- d. Dehydration ✅
- Which of the following amino acids is associated with sulfhydryl group?
- a. Cysteine ✅
- b. Glycine
- c. Serine
- d. Tyrosine
- Night blindness is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
- a. A ✅
- b. C
- c. Niacin
- d. Thiamine
