Biochemistry
- One is not correctly paired:
a) α-cells → glucagon
b) β-cells → insulin
c) Parathyroid → calcium
d) Corpus luteum → progesterone
e) Estrogen → seminiferous tubules ✅
- In case of obstructive jaundice, one is commonly not found:
a) Total bilirubin is elevated
b) High bilirubin in urine
c) Direct bilirubin is within the normal ✅
d) Dark color of urine
e) Clay color of stool
- In case of hemolytic jaundice, one is not likely to be found:
a) Total bilirubin is elevated
b) High bilirubin in urine
c) No change in color of urine ✅
d) Direct bilirubin is within the normal
e) Normal color of stool
- One is not true about acid:
a) Proton donor
b) Turn litmus paper to blue ✅
c) Sour taste
d) React with alkaline to give water and salt
e) None of the above
- Pentose phosphate metabolism cycle is important to the cell because it gives:
a) Acetyl CoA
b) ADP
c) ATP
d) NADH
e) NADPH ✅
- Hydrolysis of sucrose results in:
a) Only glucose
b) Galactose
c) Fructose + glucose ✅
d) Glucose + glucose
e) Maltose + glucose
- Consider a ketose:
a) Glucose
b) Fructose ✅
c) Mannose
- Presence of one of these substances in urine detects an abnormal condition:
a) Calcium
b) Phosphates
c) Glucose
d) Urates ✅
- In cardiac infarction, one of the measurements is not beneficial:
a) Creatinine ✅
- One of the following has the highest concentration of cholesterol:
a) Chylomicron
b) LDL ✅
c) HDL
d) VLDL
e) Apolipoprotein
- Hypersecretion of insulin causes:
a) Hypoglycemia ✅
- Hyperglycemia hormone:
a) Glucagon ✅
- Pyrimidine base:
a) Adenine
b) Guanine
c) Thymine ✅
d) Uric acid
e) Urea
- One use for measuring abnormality in the kidney:
a) Creatinine ✅
- Does not stimulate with slight hemolysis:
a) Cholesterol ✅
- One is stimulated by serum calcium level:
a) Prolonged application of tourniquet on the arm ✅
- Glycolysis occurs in:
a) Nucleus
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Mitochondrion
d) Cytoplasm ✅
e) None of the above
- One of the above is not present in diabetic mellitus coma:
a) Hyperglycemia
b) Hypercholesterolemia ✅
c) High number of ketones in urine
d) None of the above
- In which substance does blood glucose appear when hydrolyzed:
a) Muscle glycogen
b) Liver glycogen ✅
c) Heart glycogen
d) Unsaturated fat
e) Triglyceride
- Urea is the final product of catabolism of:
a) Amino acid ✅
b) Triglyceride
c) Cholesterol
d) Polysaccharide
- Alkaline phosphatase is the important enzyme to detect function in:
a) Liver
b) Bone
c) Liver and bone ✅
d) None of the above
- One of the following anticoagulants is used for blood glucose:
a) EDTA
b) Heparin ✅
c) Sodium oxalate
d) Florida Oxalate
e) Sodium citrate
- AST is an important enzyme to detect abnormalities in:
a) Liver disease
b) Heart disease
c) Liver and heart disease ✅
d) None of the above
- The diabetic patient is going to coma when blood glucose is:
a) 120 mg/dl
b) 160 mg/dl
c) Less than 50 mg/dl ✅
- Amylase value is high in the following disease:
a) Salivary glands
b) Pancreas diseases
c) All of the previous ✅
- One jaundice patient has yellow skin, his bilirubin is:
a) 2.5 mg/dl
b) 1.2 mg/dl
c) 5.0 mg/dl ✅
- An acute diabetic patient has:
a) Blood sugar more than 150 mg/dl
b) Blood sugar more than 180 mg/dl
c) Glucose & Acetone in urine ✅
- A diabetic patient has one of the following symptoms:
a) Acidosis ✅
b) Alkalosis
c) Dryness
- Insulin regulates blood sugar by:
a) Increasing the influx of glucose into cells
b) Activating glycogenesis
c) All the previous ✅
- To check intestinal efficacy, the following test is done:
a) Pepsin
b) Lipase
c) Stool fats ✅
- Coma of a diabetic patient shows:
a) Glucose greater than 200 mg/dl
b) Glucose less than 200 mg/dl
c) Glucose greater than 500 mg/dl ✅
- Bone matrix can also be called:
a) Vascular tissue
b) Fibrous tissue
c) Osteon ✅
- Serum LDH is elevated in all the following except:
a) Skeletal disease
b) Cardiac/hepatic diseases
c) Renal disease ✅
- Elevated sodium & chloride is seen in:
a) Shock
b) Diabetic acidosis
c) Severe dehydration ✅
- Which test is better to diagnose chronic bile duct:
a) Total bilirubin
b) S-GOT
c) ALP ✅
- With age, the renal threshold for glucose:
a) Increases
b) Decreases ✅
c) Does not change
- Causes of high serum bilirubin are:
a) Overload on liver
b) Hemolysis
c) All of the previous ✅
- One of the following enzymes is affected by hemolysis:
a) SGOT ✅
b) SGPT
c) LDH
- HbA1C of a diabetic patient is important for:
a) He has to come fasting
b) Short-term follow-up
c) Long-term follow-up ✅
- For glucose tolerance test:
a) Collect 5 blood samples only
b) Collect 5 urine samples only
c) Collect 5 blood samples + 5 urine samples ✅
- One of the following heart enzymes is measured after 4-8 hours of chest pain:
a) GOT
b) LDH
c) CPK ✅
- Light affects one of the following:
a) Glucose
b) Urea
c) Bilirubin ✅
- One of the following is a specific diagnostic liver enzyme:
a) GOT
b) LDH
c) GPT ✅
- One of the following is important before anesthesia:
a) Alkaline phosphatase
b) Acidic phosphatase
c) Pseudocholine esterase ✅
- Acid phosphatase is:
a) Heart enzyme
b) Liver enzyme
c) Prostatic enzyme ✅
- In uric acid estimation:
a) It’s affected by carbohydrate meal
b) No need for fasting
c) The patient has to come fasting ✅
- All of the following are affected by a meal except:
a) Glucose
b) Albumin
c) Creatinine ✅
- Na+ is the main:
a) Intra-cellular anion
b) Intra-cellular cation (K)
c) Extra-cellular cation ✅
- One of the following electrolytes is affected by hemolysis:
a) Ca
b) Mg
c) K ✅
- The best kidney function test:
a) Urea
b) Total protein
c) Creatinine clearance ✅
- For GTT in adults, the dose of glucose is:
a) 50 grams
b) 100 grams
c) 75 grams ✅
- For GTT in children, the dose of glucose is:
a) 30 mg
b) 15 grams
c) 30 grams ✅
- Random blood glucose gives an idea:
a) To justify blood glucose
b) Fasting patient
c) Blood glucose in urgent cases ✅
- Exogenous triglyceride is carried on:
a) VLDL
b) HDL
c) Chylomicron ✅
- Endogenous triglyceride is carried on:
a) LDL
b) HDL
c) VLDL ✅
- Harmful cholesterol is carried on:
a) HDL
b) VLDL
c) LDL ✅
- Useful cholesterol is carried on:
a) Chylomicron
b) LDL
c) HDL ✅
- For lipid investigation, the patient has to fast:
a) 4-6 hours
b) 6-8 hours
c) 12-14 hours ✅
- Test used to diagnose obstructive bile duct:
a) Bilirubin ✅
b) Biliverdin
c) Urobilinogen
d) None of the above
- Which of the following is protected from light:
a) Bilirubin ✅
b) Cholesterol
c) Total protein (TP)
d) BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
- All of the following can assess liver function except:
a) AST
b) ALT
c) ALP
d) Creatinine ✅
- Purine associated with:
a) Adenine
b) Guanine
c) Uric acid ✅
d) RNA
