Biology Multiple Choice Questions
- _____ A species of mice can have gray or black fur and long or short tails. A cross between black-furred, long-tailed mice and gray-furred, short-tailed mice produce all black-furred, long-tailed offspring. Using the gene symbols G for black, g for gray, S for long and s for short, what would be the genotype of a gray-furred, short-tailed mouse?
- A. GGSS
- B. ggSS
- C. ggss ✅
- D. GgSs
- E. Ggss
- _____ Referring to the previous question, how many different gametes will the black-furred, long-tailed P1 mice produce?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 4
- D. 16 ✅
- _____ Referring to the previous question, how many different gametes do the black-furred, long-tailed F1 mice produce?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 4 ✅
- D. 16
- _____ What would be the dimensions of a Punnett Square depicting a dihybrid cross?
- A. 1 x 4
- B. 2 x 4
- C. 4 x 4 ✅
- D. 2 x 2
- _____ What would be the minimum dimensions of a Punnett square of a test cross with a dihybrid parent who is heterozygous at both loci?
- A. 4 x 4
- B. 4 x 1
- C. 2 x 4
- D. 4 x 2 ✅
- E. 2 x 2
- _____ To determine if an organism with a dominant phenotype is heterozygous, one can perform a ___.
- A. reciprocal cross
- B. dihybrid cross
- C. test cross ✅
- _____ In a F1 dihybrid cross (WwGg X WwGg) where W = round, w = wrinkled, G = yellow and g = green, what is the probability of obtaining an individual that is wrinkled, green and true-breeding?
- A. 1/16 ✅
- B. 1/2
- C. 9/16
- D. 3/16
- E. 1/4
- _____ What genotype is present most often among the progeny (F2) of a dihybrid cross (AaBb X AaBb)?
- A. AaBb ✅
- B. AABb
- C. AABB
- D. aabb
- E. AAbb
- _____ Barney and Betty are about to have their first child. They both have “normal” feet but Barney’s father has flat feet and Betty has a child from a previous marriage who has flat feet. What is the probability that they will have a boy with flat feet?
- A. 1/2
- B. 1/4
- C. 1/8
- D. 3/4
- E. 3/8 ✅
- _____ In the previous question, Barney and Betty learn that they will actually have twins – dizygotic twins. What is the probability that they will have both a boy and a girl, both of whom are flat footed?
- A. 1/4
- B. 1/8
- C. 1/16
- D. 1/32
- E. 1/64 ✅
- _____ Microbiologist who demonstrated that DNA was the genetic material.
- A. Oswald Avery ✅
- B. Herbert Boyer
- C. Rosalind Franklin
- D. Barbara McClintock
- E. James Watson
- _____ Geneticist who discovered genes that could actually “move” from generation to generation.
- A. Oswald Avery
- B. Herbert Boyer
- C. Rosalind Franklin
- D. Barbara McClintock ✅
- E. James Watson
- _____ Biochemist who discovered restriction endonucleases, one of the key tools for genetic engineering.
- A. Oswald Avery
- B. Herbert Boyer ✅
- C. Rosalind Franklin
- D. Barbara McClintock
- E. James Watson
- _____ The base thymine is always paired with ___.
- A. Adenine ✅
- B. Guanine
- C. Cytosine
- D. Thymine
- _____ The sequence of one strand of DNA is 5’ TCGATC 3’. The sequence of the complementary strand would be ___.
- A. 5’ AGCTAG 3’
- B. 5’ TCGATC 3’
- C. 5’ CTAGCT 3’ ✅
- D. 5’ GCTAGC 3’
- E. 5’ GATCGA 3’
- _____ DNA polymerase III is thought to add nucleotides ___.
- A. to the 5′ end of the RNA primer
- B. to the 3′ end of the RNA primer ✅
- C. in the place of the primer RNA after it is removed
- D. on single stranded templates without need for an RNA primer
- E. in the 3′ to 5′ direction
- _____ DNA replication in vivo is discontinuous due to ___.
- A. polymerase slippage
- B. trinucleotide repeats
- C. being restricted to synthesis in the 5′ to 3′ direction ✅
- D. topoisomerases cutting the DNA in a random fashion
- E. sister chromatid exchange
- _____ Considering the structure of double stranded DNA, what kinds of bonds hold one complementary strand to the other?
- A. ionic
- B. covalent
- C. Van der Waals
- D. hydrogen ✅
- E. hydrophobic and hydrophilic
- _____ The presence of a ___ with a free 3′-OH group is essential for DNA polymerase to synthesize DNA since no known DNA polymerase is able to initiate chains.
- A. origin of replication
- B. restriction endonuclease
- C. palindrome
- D. primer ✅
- E. promoter
