151. ______ is Gram positive spherical & chain forming.
A. Streptococcus ✅
B. Staphylococcus
C. Bacillus
D. Diplococcus
A. Streptococcus ✅
B. Staphylococcus
C. Bacillus
D. Diplococcus
152. Negri bodies are observed in cells infected by:
A. Cytomegalovirus
B. Rabies virus ✅
C. Herpes simplex virus
D. Pox virus
A. Cytomegalovirus
B. Rabies virus ✅
C. Herpes simplex virus
D. Pox virus
153. Temperature of autoclave at 15 psi will be_____.
A. 110°C
B. 115°C
C. 121°C ✅
D. 125°C
A. 110°C
B. 115°C
C. 121°C ✅
D. 125°C
154. ___ is a culture medium having liquid consistency.
A. Broth ✅
B. Agar
C. Soft agar
D. All of these
A. Broth ✅
B. Agar
C. Soft agar
D. All of these
155. Which of the following is an example acid-fast bacterium?
A. Vibrio
B. Staphylococcus
C. Mycobacterium ✅
D. Leptospira
A. Vibrio
B. Staphylococcus
C. Mycobacterium ✅
D. Leptospira
156. _______ is a pigment giving golden color to colonies.
A. Catalase
B. Staphyloxanthin ✅
C. Coagulase
D. Hemolysin
A. Catalase
B. Staphyloxanthin ✅
C. Coagulase
D. Hemolysin
157. Streptolysin O is inactivated by __________.
A. CO2
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen ✅
D. Serum
A. CO2
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen ✅
D. Serum
158. Influenza virus genome is _________?
A. dsRNA
B. ssRNA ✅
C. dsDNA
D. ssDNA
A. dsRNA
B. ssRNA ✅
C. dsDNA
D. ssDNA
159. All are accessory proteins of HIV EXCEPT?
A. Vif
B. Tat
C. Vpu
D. Vpr ✅
A. Vif
B. Tat
C. Vpu
D. Vpr ✅
160. Trichomoniasis can be diagnosed by ________.
A. Demonstration of cysts by fecal examination
B. Acidic vaginal pH
C. Whiff test
D. Demonstration of oocysts by fecal examination ✅
A. Demonstration of cysts by fecal examination
B. Acidic vaginal pH
C. Whiff test
D. Demonstration of oocysts by fecal examination ✅
161. All Gram-Negative bacilli have _______?
A. Capsule
B. Exotoxin
C. Endotoxin ✅
D. DNase
A. Capsule
B. Exotoxin
C. Endotoxin ✅
D. DNase
162. _____ can cause food INTOXICATION?
A. Staphylococcus aureus ✅
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. E. coli
D. Salmonella
A. Staphylococcus aureus ✅
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. E. coli
D. Salmonella
163. Enhancement of size using ocular and objective lens is called ________.
A. Magnification ✅
B. Resolution
C. Contrast
D. All of these
A. Magnification ✅
B. Resolution
C. Contrast
D. All of these
164. __________contains substances favoring the growth of organism being sought.
A. Selective
B. Enrichment ✅
C. Differential
D. General purpose
A. Selective
B. Enrichment ✅
C. Differential
D. General purpose
165. Which of the following is an example general purpose medium is ________?
A. Selenite F broth
B. Mannitol salt agar
C. MacConkey agar
D. Nutrient agar ✅
A. Selenite F broth
B. Mannitol salt agar
C. MacConkey agar
D. Nutrient agar ✅
166. MacConkey agar, it differentiates b/w __________ fermenting and non-fermenting bacteria.
A. glucose
B. lactose ✅
C. mannitol
D. sucrose
A. glucose
B. lactose ✅
C. mannitol
D. sucrose
167. BCG vaccine is used for the prevention of ____.
A. Botulism
B. Tuberculosis ✅
C. Cholera
D. Anthrax
A. Botulism
B. Tuberculosis ✅
C. Cholera
D. Anthrax
168. What is the reservoir for Treponema pallidum?
A. Humans ✅
B. Corrosive
C. Explosive
D. Ignitable
A. Humans ✅
B. Corrosive
C. Explosive
D. Ignitable
169. All protozoan pathogens have a ______ phase?
A. Cyst ✅
B. Sexual
C. Trophozoite
D. latent
A. Cyst ✅
B. Sexual
C. Trophozoite
D. latent
170. All are correct for Giardia lamblia EXCEPT?
A. It has only trophozoite stage.
B. It is transmitted by the fecal oral route.
C. It can be diagnosed by the string test ✅
D. It is a heart shape protozoan.
A. It has only trophozoite stage.
B. It is transmitted by the fecal oral route.
C. It can be diagnosed by the string test ✅
D. It is a heart shape protozoan.
171. Cholera toxin is a form of _____.
A. Exotoxin ✅
B. Endotoxin
C. Neurotoxin
D. Hemolytic toxin
A. Exotoxin ✅
B. Endotoxin
C. Neurotoxin
D. Hemolytic toxin
172. If viral ‘DNA’ integrates in host cell chromosomes, with no progeny production, process is called:
A. Lytic cycle
B. Lysogenic cycle ✅
C. Replicative cycle
D. Translational cycle
A. Lytic cycle
B. Lysogenic cycle ✅
C. Replicative cycle
D. Translational cycle
173. Cell-mediated immune response is mediated by:
A. B-lymphocytes
B. Endothelial cells
C. T-lymphocytes ✅
D. Granulocytes
A. B-lymphocytes
B. Endothelial cells
C. T-lymphocytes ✅
D. Granulocytes
174. Passive immunity lasts for the period of:
A. About 10-days
B. 6-9 months ✅
C. 9-10 years
D. All of the above
A. About 10-days
B. 6-9 months ✅
C. 9-10 years
D. All of the above
175. _____ is an endospore forming AEROBIC bacteria.
A. Bacillus anthracis ✅
B. Clostridium botulinum
C. Bacillus and Clostridium
D. Staphylococcus aureus
A. Bacillus anthracis ✅
B. Clostridium botulinum
C. Bacillus and Clostridium
D. Staphylococcus aureus
176. Sporulation is a process of ______________.
A. Reproduction ✅
B. Preservation
C. Replication
D. None of these
A. Reproduction ✅
B. Preservation
C. Replication
D. None of these
177. Thickest layer of spore envelope is __________.
A. Core
B. Spore wall
C. Cortex ✅
D. Spore coat
A. Core
B. Spore wall
C. Cortex ✅
D. Spore coat
178. India ink is an example of_________.
A. Principle stain
B. Basic stain
C. Counter stain
D. Acidic stain ✅
A. Principle stain
B. Basic stain
C. Counter stain
D. Acidic stain ✅
179. 100X objective lens is also known as ________.
A. Dry lens
B. High dry lens ✅
C. Scanning lens
D. Oil immersion lens
A. Dry lens
B. High dry lens ✅
C. Scanning lens
D. Oil immersion lens
180. Rod shaped bacteria are known as________.
A. Cocci
B. Bacilli ✅
C. Vibrio
D. Coco-bacilli
A. Cocci
B. Bacilli ✅
C. Vibrio
D. Coco-bacilli
181. Mordant used in Gram’s staining is ___________.
A. Acid alcohol
B. Safranin
C. Gram’s iodine ✅
D. Crystal violet
A. Acid alcohol
B. Safranin
C. Gram’s iodine ✅
D. Crystal violet
182. _____________ is an instrument effectively used to sterilize metals, glassware, powders, oils, and waxes.
A. Autoclave
B. Hot air oven ✅
C. Water bath
D. Seitz filter
A. Autoclave
B. Hot air oven ✅
C. Water bath
D. Seitz filter
183. Bacteria that can only be grown in the absence of oxygen, are commonly cultivated in _________.
A. Deep agar tube
B. Anaerobic jar ✅
C. Both “A” and “B” ✅
D. Broth culture
A. Deep agar tube
B. Anaerobic jar ✅
C. Both “A” and “B” ✅
D. Broth culture
184. Visible growth of bacteria on solid medium is ____.
A. colony ✅
B. turbidity
C. sediment
D. None of these
A. colony ✅
B. turbidity
C. sediment
D. None of these
185. Immune individuals will not harbor it thus reducing:
A. Antigen titer
B. Virus titer
C. Antibody titer
D. 4HA titer ✅
A. Antigen titer
B. Virus titer
C. Antibody titer
D. 4HA titer ✅
186. Rabies virus reaches brain and salivary glands via:
A. Blood
B. Lymph
C. SQ tissue
D. Nerves ✅
A. Blood
B. Lymph
C. SQ tissue
D. Nerves ✅
187. An important paramyxovirus of poultry is:
A. Infectious bursal disease virus
B. Newcastle disease virus ✅
C. Avian influenza virus
D. Avian leukosis virus
A. Infectious bursal disease virus
B. Newcastle disease virus ✅
C. Avian influenza virus
D. Avian leukosis virus
188. Which of following produces life-threatening disease that can be well treated by fluid replacement?
A. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C. Treponema pallidum
D. Vibrio cholerae ✅
A. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C. Treponema pallidum
D. Vibrio cholerae ✅
189. Which of the following are trace elements?
A. Potassium ion
B. Sodium ion
C. Copper ion ✅
D. Magnesium ion
A. Potassium ion
B. Sodium ion
C. Copper ion ✅
D. Magnesium ion
190. NDV is cultivated via _____ in embryonated Eggs.
A. Allantoic inoculation ✅
B. Yolk sac inoculation
C. Intra-cerebral inoculation
D. Chorioallantoic membrane inoculation
A. Allantoic inoculation ✅
B. Yolk sac inoculation
C. Intra-cerebral inoculation
D. Chorioallantoic membrane inoculation
191. Viral diagnostic techniques include all EXCEPT:
A. Electron microscopy
B. Antigen detection
C. Antibodies detection
D. Light microscopy ✅
A. Electron microscopy
B. Antigen detection
C. Antibodies detection
D. Light microscopy ✅
192. Transfection is insertion of DNA into ______ cells.
A. Eukaryotic ✅
B. Bacterial
C. Parasitic
D. Both “A” and “B”
A. Eukaryotic ✅
B. Bacterial
C. Parasitic
D. Both “A” and “B”
193. In Gram-staining, iodine is used as a_________.
A. Fixative
B. Mordant ✅
C. Solublizer
D. Stain
A. Fixative
B. Mordant ✅
C. Solublizer
D. Stain
194. Diagnosis of rabies is commonly done by ________.
A. Direct Sandwich ELISA
B. Florescent Antibody Technique ✅
C. Hemagglutination assay
D. Hemagglutination inhibition assay
A. Direct Sandwich ELISA
B. Florescent Antibody Technique ✅
C. Hemagglutination assay
D. Hemagglutination inhibition assay
195. In _____ vaccine, genetic material from a pathogen is inserted into a live carrier non-pathogen.
A. Subunit
B. Acellular
C. Trojan horse ✅
D. Live attenuated
A. Subunit
B. Acellular
C. Trojan horse ✅
D. Live attenuated
196. 1% or 0.8% dilution of washed RBCs is prepared for use in HA assays by diluting washed RBCs in___.
A. Distilled H2O
B. Double distilled H2O
C. Double distilled deionized H2O ✅
D. Normal Saline
A. Distilled H2O
B. Double distilled H2O
C. Double distilled deionized H2O ✅
D. Normal Saline
197. Lag phase is also known as ___________.
A. Period of initial adjustment ✅
B. Transitional period
C. Generation time
D. Period of rapid growth
A. Period of initial adjustment ✅
B. Transitional period
C. Generation time
D. Period of rapid growth
198. Cell culture that can reproduce for an extended number of generations and is used to support viral replication is:
A. Primary cell culture
B. Secondary cell culture
C. Continuous cell culture ✅
D. Diploid fibroblast cell culture
A. Primary cell culture
B. Secondary cell culture
C. Continuous cell culture ✅
D. Diploid fibroblast cell culture
199. ________ is the causative agent of PLAGUE.
A. Y. enterocolitica
B. Y. pestis ✅
C. P. mirabilis
D. E. coli
A. Y. enterocolitica
B. Y. pestis ✅
C. P. mirabilis
D. E. coli
200. Cells that use antibodies to recognize their targets:
A. CD4+ T cells
B. CD8+ T cells
C. B cells ✅
D. Plasma cells
A. CD4+ T cells
B. CD8+ T cells
C. B cells ✅
D. Plasma cells
